Discover Matera: Italy’s Ancient City Carved in Stone
Located in the southern part of Italy, Matera is a town that provides tourists with history, culture, architecture and many tales. Famous for the buildings that are hewn from the cliffs themselves, Matera is one of the oldest inhabited cities in the world. If you are a fan of historical places, you like to discover unusual tourist attractions or you are just fond of Italy, this place should not be missed.
In this article we will guide you through the beautiful landscapes of Matera that developed around the cave house and the modern life in this city that is now one of the most interesting italian destinations.
Matera: The City Carved in Stone
Matera has been inhabited for thousands of years. The city is known largely for the Sassi di Matera, which is a system of residences hewn out of the tufa stone. These were the former accommodations of some of the impoverished residents of Italy; today they serve well as the visible reminders of what the city portrays and what it has been through. The term “Sassi” means “stones,” and it’s easy to see why the entire city appears to be one with the rock, its buildings seemingly growing from the rock underneath it.
The Origins of Matera
Matera has an ancient story that dates back to Paleolithic times. The research shows that there were settlements in the region 9,200 years BC that means it is one of the oldest populated cities. Some of these homes are the so-called “sassi”, which are cave-like structures built in the soft limestone rocks in and around the city to provide shelter against invaders and extreme weather.
These cavey houses were the residences of the inhabitants of Matera for centuries. By mid-twentieth century all the cave homes were ditched because it was bad for the health and living standards of the occupants with no bath or toilet facilities. During the 1950s the Italian government decided to relocate the population of the city to the more modern dwellings and the caves are forgotten.
But in the last few decades, Matera has seen a rebirth. Today, the Sassi di Matera is recognised and visited as a contemporary city with culture and life. Matera was awarded UNESCO World Heritage site status in 1993 due to historical and architectural values of the city.
The Sassi di Matera: A UNESCO Heritage Site
The Sassi di Matera is what Matera is all about. The area is divided into two main districts: Sasso Caveoso and Sasso Barisano, for instance. The two districts host the cave structures for which Material is famous for. These streets twist and turn while walking on them you will feel like you are going through the era of the middle ages. Some of the caves have been used as houses, some as hotels, restaurants and museums so that tourists can touch the living history.
Apart from the caves, there are several other places in Matera including the various churches that are cut out of the cliff. As you can see, these churches are sculptures which have paintings inside originating right from the Byzantine era. These places make you see the religious past of the city and why the place has always been associated with Christianity.
Walking around the Sassi area, one will discover many small lanes, stairs and even small enclosed courtyards. Stone walls of the city make you think that the city itself is composed of sculpture which gleams in the sunlight. The whole territory is rather fairy-tale, and every turn has some kind of a wonder for the viewer.
A Modern City with Ancient Charm
However, the frantic development of Matera now shows that the city is not so ancient but is a classic example of a modern city that combines new and old. Matera is now an active city with growing art and cultural attractions, such as galleries, festivals, and many more occasions. Today the city is famed for the cuisine from the Basilicata, and dishes that the tourists can taste are cavatelli, a sort of pasta, and peperoni cruschi, a fried pepper.
It is impressive to discover that many of the abandoned caves of the city have been turned into chic boutique hotels and restaurants. These hotels are basically caves that have been turned into hotels where tourists can spend a night, and be enclosed in the same shelters they ancient people lived in for millennia. These properties offer contemporary amenities with original city flavour preserved.
It should also be noted that Matera has stepped into the category of shooting films and television series in recent years. For years many movies and TV shows have been filmed in this stunning city; Mel Gibson’s The Passion of the Christ and the renowned Italian series, The Betrothed (I Promessi Sposi). Consequently, Matera is referred to as the “Hollywood of the South.”
Why You Should Visit Matera
There are countless reasons why you should consider visiting Matera. Below are some of the highlights:
1. Unique Architecture and History
Matera is unlike any other city in Italy. Its unique rock-hewn buildings, churches, and cave dwellings offer a fascinating glimpse into the past. Walking through the Sassi is like stepping into an ancient world, where every stone tells a story. It’s a rare opportunity to experience a city that has survived for millennia and has been shaped by countless cultures and civilizations.
2. UNESCO World Heritage Status
As a UNESCO World Heritage site, Matera is recognized for its outstanding cultural and historical value. A visit to the Sassi is an opportunity to witness one of the world’s oldest continuously inhabited urban areas, where history, culture, and art come together in perfect harmony.
3. Culinary Delights
Matera is known for its delicious local cuisine. In the city’s trattorias and restaurants, you can enjoy hearty dishes such as “basilicata lamb” and “soppressata” (a type of cured meat). The local wine, made from the region’s vineyards, is also a highlight. Don’t forget to try Matera’s famous bread, made using a centuries-old recipe and baked in traditional wood-fired ovens.
4. Film Buffs’ Dream
For movie lovers, Matera is a dream destination. With its striking landscapes and ancient architecture, the city has served as the backdrop for many international films and TV shows. Exploring the streets of Matera gives you the chance to walk in the footsteps of Hollywood stars and directors.
5. A Place for Creativity and Inspiration
Whether you’re a photographer, artist, or writer, Matera is sure to inspire. The city’s combination of ancient charm and modern creativity makes it an ideal destination for those seeking inspiration. From the craggy cliffs to the winding streets and stone structures, Matera is a canvas waiting to be explored.
Best Time to Visit Matera
The best time to visit Matera is during the spring (April to June) or fall (September to November), when the weather is mild and the crowds are smaller. Summers can be hot, with temperatures often reaching over 30°C (86°F), so be prepared for the heat if you plan to visit during this time. Winter is quieter and offers a more peaceful atmosphere, although some attractions may have shorter opening hours.
How to Get to Matera
Matera is located in the region of Basilicata, about 270 kilometers (168 miles) southeast of Naples. The easiest way to get there is by car, as public transportation options are limited. The nearest airport is Bari Karol Wojtyła Airport (BRI), about an hour and a half away from Matera by car. Alternatively, you can take a train to Bari and then use a bus or taxi to reach Matera.
Conclusion: A Journey Through Time and Stone
Matera of southern Italy is a perfectly preserved gem of the Middle Ages, ancient architecture, and Italian modernity. Start to explore the ancient city carved in the stone from the spectacular cave dwelling to the modern arts or at least, everybody will find something he is interested in.
Whether it’s visiting the Sassi districts, trying out delicious local food, or overlooking the city from the cliffs on which it is built, Matera is a place you are likely not to forget.Therefore, if you are ever in Italy on a tour, it will be Bennicultural to take part in a tour through Matera, a city that is timeless.
